16. What are the mechanical properties required to know before performing maintenance?
Ans:
The mechanical properties provide
the definition of the behaviour of the material that is being put under the
action of external forces. This is an important aspect to aeronautical
engineering that is also used to gain knowledge for applications developed for
aircrafts. This provides an overall view of the structure of the aircraft and
the maintenance aspect of it. The properties used are as follows:
• Strength
• Stiffness,
• Specific strength and stiffness,
• Ductility,
• Toughness,
• Malleability and elasticity
17. Why is torsion such an important feature in aircraft engines?
Ans:
Torsion is used to drive shafts
for aircraft engine driven pumps and motors. They are also involved in having a
force behind propeller shafts, pulley assemblies and rive couplings for
machinery. The shear stress is setup within the shafts and it results from the
torsional loads. The size and the nature of torsional loads and stresses need
to be known while making the design or else premature failure can occur. The
shafts are used as a component to transmit torsional loads and twisting moments
or torque. They can be a cross section or a circular component as it is more
suitable to transmit the torque for pumps and motors to supply the power to the
aircraft system.
18. Why is the study of gyroscopes motion required to learn aircraft applications?
Ans:
Gyroscopic motion is considered
as an important study for aircraft application for the inertia and momentum of
the body that is used in circular motion. The momentum is the product of the
mass of a body and its velocity. This is a measure of the quantity of motion of
a body. Inertia is the force that doesn’t allow any change to happen in
momentum. Gyroscope is the rotating mass that can be moved freely at right
angles to its plane of rotation. This utilizes the gyro rotor or gyroscopic
inertia to provide the motion unless it is compelled by an external force to
change the state. This uses property of rigidity as gyroscope acts as a
reference point in space.
19. What are the laws of gyro-dynamics?
Ans:
Gyro-dynamics deals with
gyroscopic motion that is used for creating aircraft application as it allows
inertia and momentum of the body. These laws consist of the two properties of rigidity
and precession to provide the visible effects gyro-dynamics. These are as
follows:
• If a rotating body is mounted
and it is free to move about any axis that passes through the center of mass,
then the spin axis that is used will remain fixed in inertial space without
displacing any of the frame.
• If a constant torque is applied
to any direction such as about an axis, or perpendicular to the axis, then the
spin axis will move about an axis that is mutually perpendicular to both the
spin and the torque axis.
20. What are the steps required to solve the problems of aircraft flying high and at very large speed?
Ans:
There are various steps required
to solve the problems of aircraft flying high and at very large speed are as
follows:
• Build stiff wings that allow
and provide the resistance to torsional diversion beyond the maximum speed of
the aircraft.
• Use two sets of ailerons and
one outboard pair that can be operated at low speeds.
• Use of one inboard pair that
can be used to operate on high speeds, this will have less twisting impact when
the ailerons are positioned outboard.
• Use spoilers that can be
positioned independently or can be paired with ailerons. These reduce the lift
on the down going wing by interrupting the airflow over the top surface.
21.Why refrigeration is done inside aircraft, and why aircraft body is made of aluminium?
Ans:
This is the combined effect low
pressure & speed of plane in sky. Body of aircraft is made up of aluminium
due to its good tensile strength & good conductor.
22. What is yawing motion?
Ans:
Yawing motion means the side ways
motion aircraft about the lateral axis. In other words side to side motion of
aircraft.
23. Does the knowledge of mathematics of Science is required to get into aerospace engineering?
Ans:
The basic understanding of Math
is important, as it is not used at all the time during the course of aerospace
engineering. One should have a basic understanding of mathematical definitions
and knowledge on computers is very important as the computer programs will help
in doing simple calculations and verify the results are reasonable. However, on
the science front it is very important to have a very good understanding on
various subjects like dynamics and mechanics in physics, strong emphasis on
chemistry, electromagnetism.
24. What is SPICE? Where was it developed?
Ans:
The full form of SPICE is
Simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis. This is the widely used
analog simulator, which was developed at electronics research lab of California University
25. Describe stress analysis in Aerospace engineering?
Ans:
People working on these areas as a aerospace engineers should have familiarity and exposure to NASTRAN and MATLAB with knowledge on space environment and modelling of flexible dynamics. These aerospace engineers will be responsible to conduct stress analysis on metallic and composite structures. NASTRAN, IDEAD, Oracle and PATRAN proficiency level is required. Their duties also include on aircraft which are metallic and composite structures. This includes and understanding of control surface stiffness and loop calculations, finite element modelling (FEM), fatigue testing requirement and analysis.
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